text process

The text processing plays an important role in online learning. Research findings indicate that world recognition must be accurate and automatized in order for text comprehension to occur (e.g., Adams, 1990), because most online learning materials are based on text. Through the construction-integration model of comprehension developed by Kintsch, there are two stages occurred. During the first stage, concepts from the text, as well as syntax, semantic, and world knowledge are activated to produce a network of activated concepts. The second stage is regerred to as the reader’s mental representation. In addition, a good text must be occurred good micro structure and macro structure. For micro structure, you should explain the definition properly, and must ensure that ideas and sentences are internally coherent. For macro structure, it is recommended that web authors provide a site map or advanced organizer so that readers have a mental picture of how the webpage is organized.

Narrative and Expository text are tow kind of form for readers. Narrative text is easy for readers to develop a strong mental representation, because the manner is familiar to the reader. Obviously, this is not the case with expository text. It is full of technical jargon, theory, and assumptions about the reader’s knowledge base. Therefore, mental representations of text, text coherence, and topic familiarity all contribute to text processing (e.g., van Dijk & Kintsch, 1983).

In one word, the syntactic and semantic knowledge, micro structure and macro structure understanding are required for both online learners and authors.

Self-directed learning

SDL- self-directed learning is important for adult education. It is a process accompanied and supported by behavioral actives involved in the identification and searching out of information. And the purpose of that is to develop self-directed learners. Thus, it is easy to see that for SDL, the most important thing is desire and ability. Why desire? Image that nobody asks you to read the book, no classes. If you want, you probably could abandon everything. In this point, the desire of learning is important. How to motivate the students is the problems teachers face to. Second is the ability. A student wants to learn, but he or she doesn’t know how to learn is a very sad thing. In this case, teachers should use the fitful strategies to support these kinds of students for learning. Therefore, the impact of online learning on the SDL is: 1) planning, 2) monitoring, 3) evaluating. Thus, study of SDL is significant and is also a new area of exploration. Lot more has to be done to identify many attributes and resources, enabling better online teaching and developing better self developed learners.